Dab tsi yog daim ntawv thov ntawm photodiodes hauv cov khoom siv laser phais?

Ib, Technical hauv paus ntsiab lus: lub hauv paus ntawm photoelectric hloov dua siab tshiab thiab tiag - lub sij hawm tawm tswv yim
Lub photodiode yog ib hom khoom siv optoelectronic raws li cov nyhuv photoelectric nyob rau hauv ib qho semiconductor PN hlws ris, nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog hloov cov teeb liab teeb liab mus rau hauv cov teeb liab hluav taws xob. Thaum lub zog photon tshaj lub zog bandgap ntawm cov khoom siv semiconductor, lub qhov hluav taws xob lub qhov sib txuas hauv PN hlws ris zoo siab, tsim lub photocurrent. Cov yam ntxwv no ua rau nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws - lub sijhawm soj ntsuam cov cuab yeej hauv cov cuab yeej laser phais.

1. Laser zog saib xyuas thiab kaw - voj tswj
Cov cuab yeej siv phais laser yuav tsum muaj kev ruaj ntseg siab heev hauv cov zis hluav taws xob. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ophthalmic excimer laser phais, txiav qhov tob ntawm txhua tus mem tes yuav tsum tau tswj kom meej nyob rau hauv 0.25 microns, thiab lub hwj chim fluctuations tshaj 5% tuaj yeem ua rau kev phais tsis ua haujlwm. Photodiodes saib xyuas lub laser tso zis siv zog, hloov cov teeb liab kho qhov muag rau hauv lub teeb liab hluav taws xob, thiab muab cov lus tawm tswv yim rau kev tswj hwm kom ua tiav qhov tiag - lub sijhawm hloov hluav taws xob. Noj cov khoom siv laser kho semiconductor ua piv txwv, nws qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke hauv siab -rhiab heev photodiode tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas micro watt theem hloov pauv hauv lub zog kho qhov muag, kom ntseeg tau tias lub zog laser qhov ntom ntom ruaj khov nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais kho ntawm 0.05-0.3 J / cm².

2. Kev soj ntsuam zoo ntawm nqaj thiab kho aberration
Cov nqaj zoo ntawm kev phais laser ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev txiav qhov tseeb. Lub photodiode array tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog interferometers lossis Hartmann wavefront sensors txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov M ² yam (beam quality parameter) lossis wavefront aberration ntawm beam los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas nws cov kev siv sib faib thiab cov ntaub ntawv theem. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv tag nrho femtosecond laser myopia phais, lub photodiode array saib xyuas txoj hauj lwm sib txawv ntawm lub laser focal point nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, ua rau lub dynamic nyiaj them system los kho lub scanning daim iav lub kaum sab xis, thiab xyuas kom meej tias qhov tseeb ntawm corneal stromal lens extraction mus txog qib micrometer.

3. Kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb thiab ceeb toom txawv txav
Cov cuab yeej siv phais laser yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv kev nyab xeeb thoob ntiaj teb (xws li IEC 60601-2-22). Raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ruaj ntseg interlock system, photodiodes tuaj yeem saib xyuas cov kev hloov hauv lub teeb siv hauv txoj kev laser hauv lub sijhawm. Thaum pom tsis pom kev sib txawv ntawm cov nqaj sib txawv lossis qhov txawv txav ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo, lub kaw lus tam sim ntawd ua rau lub tshuab kaw thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev los tiv thaiv kev raug mob. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv laser qog resection phais, ib tug photodiode array yog teem nyob ib ncig ntawm lub chaw phais los tsim ib lub teeb barrier, thiab tej yam kev npaj txhij txog lub teeb to tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas sai thiab cov zis laser tuaj yeem cuam tshuam.

2, Daim ntawv thov scenario: Hla kev qhuab qhia los ntawm ophthalmology mus rau oncology
Daim ntawv thov ntawm photodiodes nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv phais laser npog ntau qhov chaw kho mob, thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv kev ua tau zoo sib xws nrog cov kev cai phais.

1. Kev phais kho qhov muag: txiav txiav thiab pom kev rov tsim dua
Hauv excimer laser corneal refractive phais, photodiodes yog kev koom ua ke nrog lub zog ntsuas los saib xyuas lub zog ntawm txhua tus mem tes. Piv txwv li, PhotoMedex's XTRAC Velocity excimer laser system tau txais kev tsim qauv ntawm ob lub photodiode: ib qho rau lub sijhawm tiag tiag - lub zog tawm tswv yim thiab lwm qhov rau kev ntsuas cov kab teeb pom kev sib xws, kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev ua yuam kev ntawm lub pob txha ntawm lub ntsej muag smoothness tsawg dua 0.1 micrometers. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tag nrho femtosecond laser phais, lub photodiode array saib xyuas lub spatiotemporal tis ntawm femtosecond laser pulses kom paub meej qhov tiav extraction ntawm corneal stromal lo ntsiab muag.

2. Dermatology and Plastic Surgery: Non-invasive Treatment and Tissue Repair
Photodiodes feem ntau yog siv rau kev xaiv wavelength thiab lub zog tswj hauv cov khoom siv laser dermatological. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv 810nm semiconductor laser plaub hau tshem tawm ntaus ntawv, lub photodiode dynamically kho lub laser zog ceev los ntawm kev saib xyuas qhov siv ntawm daim tawv nqaij reflection lub teeb kom tsis txhob thermal puas rau lub epidermis. Thaum siv dot matrix laser los kho pob txuv nti, lub photodiode array muab tiag tiag - lub sij hawm tawm tswv yim ntawm qhov tob tob ntawm txhua micro beam, kom ntseeg tau tias kev kho lub zog yog siv rau lub dermis txheej.

3. Oncology: Photodynamic kho thiab meej ablation
Hauv kev kho photodynamic (PDT), photodiodes ua si ob lub luag haujlwm: ib qho yog los saib xyuas lub wavelength stability ntawm lub teeb ci ntsa iab (xws li 630nm liab lub teeb) kom ntseeg tau tias cov photosensitizer tau ua tiav; Qhov thib ob yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov ntaub so ntswg fluorescence thiab ntsuas kev kho mob hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag -. Piv txwv li, hauv PDT kev kho mob ntsws cancer, micro photodiode ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov fiber ntau optic sojntsuam tuaj yeem ua haujlwm synchronously saib xyuas cov fluorescence siv ntawm thaj chaw kho mob, coj cov kws kho mob los kho lub teeb koob tshuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv 1470nm laser qog ablation, photodiodes saib xyuas lub teeb liab lub teeb liab tsim los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg vaporization, muab kev tawm tswv yim ntawm qhov tob tob, thiab tiv thaiv kev nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab haus huv.

3, Kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev ua tau zoo: kev siv thev naus laus zis los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv mus rau lub tshuab
Txhawm rau ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau nruj ntawm cov cuab yeej siv phais laser rau photodiodes, kev lag luam txuas ntxiv tsim kho tshiab hauv cov ntaub ntawv, cov qauv, thiab kev sib koom ua ke.

1. Cov khoom siv tshiab: nthuav dav cov lus teb spectral
Cov lus teb wavelength ntawm cov tsoos silicon photodiodes yog txwv rau 400-1100nm, ua rau nws nyuaj los npog cov feem ntau siv 193nm (excimer laser) thiab 10600nm (CO ₂ laser) bands hauv laser phais. Rau lub hom phiaj no, kev lag luam tau tsim cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb:

Cov ntaub ntawv dav dav, xws li gallium nitride (GaN) photodiodes, tuaj yeem teb rau 200-400nm ultraviolet lub teeb thiab tsim nyog rau excimer laser xyuas;
Quantum zoo qauv: txuas ntxiv infrared teb los ntawm band engineering, piv txwv li, indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) photodiodes tuaj yeem npog 900-1700nm wavelength band, ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm 1470nm laser kho;
Thermoelectric cooling technology: Integrating semiconductor cooling chips (TEC) nyob tom qab ntawm photodiodes kom txo qis tam sim no tsaus rau pA, txhim kho cov teeb liab - rau - suab nrov piv, thiab tsim nyog rau kev kuaj pom cov teeb liab tsis muaj zog fluorescence.
2. Kev ua kom zoo dua qub: Txhim kho cov lus teb ceev thiab tiv thaiv - muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam
Laser phais cov cuab yeej yuav tsum tau photodiodes kom muaj nanosecond teb ceev. Ua los ntawm kev txhim kho cov qauv hauv qab no:

Tus qauv PIN: Ntxig ib txheej txheej (I txheej) rau hauv PN hlws ris, ua kom lub cheeb tsam depletion dav, ua kom lub sijhawm thauj khoom luv luv, thiab txo lub sijhawm teb rau hauv 1ns;
Avalanche photodiode (APD): ua tiav cov kabmob avalanche sib npaug los ntawm kev rov qab siab, nce rhiab heev los ntawm 100-1000 zaug, tsim nyog rau cov teeb meem kev siv lub teeb qis;
Surface passivation technology: siv silicon dioxide (SiO ₂) los yog silicon nitride (Si ∝ N ₄) passivation txheej kom txo tau deg recombination poob thiab txhim kho quantum efficiency ntau tshaj 90%.
3. Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm qhov system: miniaturization thiab kev txawj ntse
Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm cov khoom siv phais laser rau kev txav mus los thiab kev txawj ntse, photodiodes yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog kev tsav tsheb thiab cov teeb liab ua haujlwm. Piv txwv li:

Chip theem kev koom ua ke: Kev koom ua ke ntawm photodiodes nrog transimpedance amplifiers (TIA) thiab analog - rau -digital converters (ADC) ntawm tib lub nti kom txo qhov loj thiab suab nrov;
Wireless kis technology: wireless kis ntawm photodiode cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Bluetooth los yog NFC, simplifying ntaus ntawv thaiv;
Artificial Intelligence algorithm: Kev sib txuas cov qauv kev kawm, tiag -lub sij hawm tsom xam ntawm lub teeb siv cov ntaub ntawv sau los ntawm photodiodes yog ua los kwv yees cov cuab yeej tsis ua hauj lwm lossis ua kom zoo dua cov kev kho mob.